Mehrgarh Civilization (Baluchistan, Pakistan), One of the Oldest Civilizations of World, Their Society, Culture and Living Style

 

 

 

Mehrgarh Civilization (Baluchistan, Pakistan), One of the Oldest Civilizations of World, Their Society, Culture and Living Style

  First Urban Civilization of South Asia

 From the city of Sibi in Baluchistan, 130 km to the shores of Makran, begins the turtle field, spread over an area of ​​about ten thousand square kilometers, in which a population was founded about nine thousand years ago.  Today it is called "Mehrgarh".  Nine thousand years ago, due to population growth and declining hunting, a local tribe settled permanently in Mehrgarh on the banks of the Bolan River, gradually building brick houses, growing grain in the fields, and raising livestock. This tribe was one of the first tribes to start farming and raising animals.  In the history of mankind, this revolutionary process is called the Neolithic Revolution.

 

 Mehrgarh was the center of this international revolution in Asia. The ruins of Mehrgarh were discovered by French and Pakistani experts in 1974. According to the research so far, ancient humans settled seven cities there which are culturally and technically related.

 Mehrgarh Civilization (Baluchistan, Pakistan), One of the Oldest Civilizations of World, Their Society, Culture and Living Style

The French expert Matthew Thori and his colleagues also revealed that the inhabitants of Mehrgarh were familiar with modern methods of molding, that is, they knew how to make various things through molds.

 

 During excavations, thousands of years old remains have been discovered here, including a 6,000 year old large amulet made of copper.  Matthew Thori and his colleagues confirmed that the pendant was made of wax and molded using a special clay mold.  This method of casting, called "lost-wax casting", is still used today to make copies of certain objects.

 

   According to French experts, the pendant found in Mehrgarh has wax particles inside the copper, which shows that the pendant was made using wax technique.  It is also known that this pendant was made not once in pieces but once and was made using molten pure copper.  This shows that the people of Mehrgarh were not only familiar with metallurgy but also with refining metals and making various things from them.

 Mehrgarh Civilization (Baluchistan, Pakistan), One of the Oldest Civilizations of World, Their Society, Culture and Living Style

  The first period of the Mehrgarh civilization lasted from 9000 to 7500 BC, excluding pottery, while wooden bark baskets and bone tools were discovered, oysters and dyed.  Stones were used as jewelry; the people of Mehrgarh lived in mud houses or in huts.

 

Leading German archaeologist Dr. Otte Franke, who conducted research on Mehrgarh in 2007, says he has found artifacts that show that it was a busy and densely populated area where men were regularly buried, as well as a commercial center.

 

 The method of making pottery changed in the 30th century BC and after that they were also painted. Brown bear bones have been found there as well as traces of grape and fig cultivation.  Yes, they were familiar with the irrigation system and some small and big dams were built for it.  But in 2600 BC many settlements became empty and people migrated from there.

 

  Archaeologists have also recovered a tooth from Mehrgarh which has been found in a cemetery about 9000 years old.  Analysis of this tooth revealed that in those days, dentists used to drill holes with a rare and special stone of gray color to alleviate the ailments of the teeth. This stone was carved and given a pointed shape.  It was then used to make a hole in the tooth through which the infected part of the tooth came out.

 Mehrgarh Civilization (Baluchistan, Pakistan), One of the Oldest Civilizations of World, Their Society, Culture and Living Style

 This method was amazing and it completely cured the teeth.  Specialists have found four teeth that were damaged and were treated regularly.

 

World famous Indology George Furstein, Subhash Kak and David Farrell have published a research book, “The Search of the Cradle of New Light on Ancient India”.  In it, the experts revealed that it was the inhabitants of Mehrgarh who laid the foundation of the Indus Civilization by reaching the modern Pakistani provinces like Punjab and Sindh, and these various small and large settlements were spread to the Indian state of Gujarat.  These settlements include Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Gunveriwala, Rakhi Garhi and Dholavir.  One of the main reasons for the migration of the people of Mehrgarh was the flood in the Bolan River which destroyed everything.

 Mehrgarh Civilization (Baluchistan, Pakistan), One of the Oldest Civilizations of World, Their Society, Culture and Living Style

  The researchers of this book have made another interesting discovery that when the Harappan civilization flourished, it was the people of Mehrgarh who started the "Vedic" period which lasted till 1750 BC.  And it was during this period that the oldest religious books on Hinduism were created.

 

  In ancient times, Mehrgarh was the largest city and center of India. In Mehrgarh, the cow or bull was very sacred.